"des-" meaning in All languages combined

See des- on Wiktionary

Prefix [Asturian]

Forms: es- [alternative], s- [alternative, reduced]
Etymology: Inherited from Old Leonese des-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Etymology templates: {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ast|roa-ole|des-|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Leonese des-, {{inh+|ast|roa-ole|des-}} Inherited from Old Leonese des-, {{inh|ast|la|dis-}} Latin dis-, {{inh|ast|ine-pro|*dwís}} Proto-Indo-European *dwís Head templates: {{head|ast|prefix}} des-
  1. dis-; indicative of a negative Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-des--ast-prefix-VDEY9aQu Categories (other): Asturian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Asturian entries with incorrect language header: 100 0
  2. (chiefly dialectal) alternative form of es- Tags: alt-of, alternative, dialectal, morpheme Alternative form of: es-
    Sense id: en-des--ast-prefix-lTyCo4jk

Prefix [Basque]

Etymology: From Spanish des-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Etymology templates: {{bor|eu|es|des-}} Spanish des-, {{der|eu|la|dis-}} Latin dis-, {{der|eu|ine-pro|*dwís}} Proto-Indo-European *dwís Head templates: {{head|eu|prefix}} des-
  1. dis-; expresses separation, reversal, or negation. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-des--eu-prefix-YEKP9pDd Categories (other): Basque entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 18 entries, Pages with entries

Prefix [Catalan]

Etymology: Inherited from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Doublet of dis-, which was borrowed. Etymology templates: {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ca|la|dis-|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Latin dis-, {{inh+|ca|la|dis-}} Inherited from Latin dis-, {{inh|ca|ine-pro|*dwís}} Proto-Indo-European *dwís, {{doublet|ca|dis-}} Doublet of dis- Head templates: {{head|ca|prefix}} des-
  1. indicates the negation of a verb; dis-, un- Tags: morpheme

Prefix [Czech]

IPA: [dɛs ]
Head templates: {{head|cs|prefix}} des-
  1. alternative form of dez- Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: dez-

Prefix [Danish]

Etymology: From French dés-, from Latin dis-. Etymology templates: {{der|da|fr|dés-}} French dés-, {{der|da|la|dis-}} Latin dis- Head templates: {{head|da|prefix|head=}} des-, {{da-prefix}} des-
  1. dis-, de- Tags: morpheme Synonyms: fra-, af- Related terms: de-, dis-, dys-

Prefix [Dutch]

IPA: /dɛs/
Head templates: {{head|nl|prefix}} des-
  1. des- Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-des--nl-prefix-kjJgcbGY Categories (other): Pages with entries, Dutch entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 10 0 11 13 8 8 11 13 8 9 10 Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 46 54
  2. dis- Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-des--nl-prefix-j73ktL5S Categories (other): Pages using catfix, Pages with 18 entries, Pages with entries, Dutch entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 9 0 8 12 7 11 8 12 10 12 10 Disambiguation of Pages with 18 entries: 9 0 9 12 7 11 9 12 10 12 10 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 10 0 11 13 8 8 11 13 8 9 10 Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 46 54

Prefix [English]

Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ Proto-Indo-European *d(w)is- Proto-Italic *dis- Latin dis- Old French des-bor. ▲ Latin dis-bor. Middle English des- English des- From Middle English des-, dis-, from Old French des-, from Latin dis-. Etymology templates: {{etymon|en|:inh|enm:dis-&lt;alt:des-&gt;|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ Proto-Indo-European *d(w)is- Proto-Italic *dis- Latin dis- Old French des-bor. ▲ Latin dis-bor. Middle English des- English des- [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "apart", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*d(w)is-", "gloss" : "in two, apart", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "two", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*dwóh₁", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*dwís", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*dis-", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "dis-", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "des-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword" : "bor" }, { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "is_duplicate" : true, "children" : [ ], "status" : { "1" : "la", "2" : ":inh", "3" : "itc-pro:*dis-<ety:inh<ine-pro:*dwís<alt:*d(w)is-><t:in two, apart>>>", "id" : "apart", "tree" : "+", "title" : "dis-" }, "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "dis-", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "dis-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "des-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="des-">, {{inh|en|enm|des-}} Middle English des-, {{der|en|fro|des-}} Old French des-, {{der|en|la|dis-}} Latin dis- Head templates: {{en-prefix}} des-
  1. Obsolete form of dis- (“reversal of sense of succeeding word”). Tags: alt-of, morpheme, obsolete Alternative form of: dis- (extra: reversal of sense of succeeding word)
    Sense id: en-des--en-prefix-zFQ28Hg2 Categories (other): English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 53 47 Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 50 50 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 14 22 21 24 20 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 45 55 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 14 22 21 24 20
  2. (organic chemistry) A removal of a group from a molecule. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-des--en-prefix-1TIlTJWn Categories (other): Organic chemistry, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, English entries with incorrect language header, Pages using catfix, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 18 entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 53 47 Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 50 50 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 37 63 Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 9 0 8 12 7 11 8 12 10 12 10 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 14 22 21 24 20 Disambiguation of Pages with 18 entries: 9 0 9 12 7 11 9 12 10 12 10 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 45 55 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 14 22 21 24 20 Topics: chemistry, natural-sciences, organic-chemistry, physical-sciences

Prefix [German]

Head templates: {{head|de|prefix}} des-
  1. des- Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-des--de-prefix-kjJgcbGY Categories (other): Pages with entries, German entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 10 0 11 13 8 8 11 13 8 9 10 Disambiguation of German entries with incorrect language header: 46 54
  2. dis- Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-des--de-prefix-j73ktL5S Categories (other): Pages using catfix, Pages with 18 entries, Pages with entries, German entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 9 0 8 12 7 11 8 12 10 12 10 Disambiguation of Pages with 18 entries: 9 0 9 12 7 11 9 12 10 12 10 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 10 0 11 13 8 8 11 13 8 9 10 Disambiguation of German entries with incorrect language header: 46 54

Prefix [Ido]

IPA: /dɛs/
Etymology: Borrowed from English dis-, French dés-, Italian dis-, Spanish des-. Compare dis-, from the same origin. Decision no. 251, Progreso IV. Etymology templates: {{bor|io|en|dis-|id=}} English dis-, {{bor|io|fr|dés-|id=}} French dés-, {{bor|io|it|dis-|id=}} Italian dis-, {{bor|io|es|des-|id=}} Spanish des-, {{io-bor|dis-|dés-||dis-||des-}} Borrowed from English dis-, French dés-, Italian dis-, Spanish des-., {{progreso|251|p=3|vol=4}} Decision no. 251, Progreso IV. Head templates: {{head|io|prefix}} des-
  1. Expresses the opposite of the root word. Tags: morpheme

Prefix [Luxembourgish]

IPA: /des/, [dəs], /dæs/
Head templates: {{head|lb|prefix}} des-
  1. de-; dis- Tags: morpheme

Prefix [Middle English]

Head templates: {{head|enm|prefix|altform=1}} des-
  1. alternative form of dis- Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: dis-
    Sense id: en-des--enm-prefix-1n8D2GlO Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 18 entries, Pages with entries

Prefix [Middle French]

Etymology: From Old French des-. Etymology templates: {{etymon|frm|:inh|fro:des-&lt;id:dis-&gt;|id=dis-}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*dis-", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "dis-", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "des-", "lang" : "fro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle French", "term" : "des-", "lang" : "frm" }" data-id="dis-" data-lang="frm" data-title="des-" id="Middle_French:_dis-">, {{inh|frm|fro|des-}} Old French des- Head templates: {{head|frm|prefix}} des-
  1. de-; dis- Tags: morpheme

Prefix [Norman]

Etymology: From Old French des-, from Latin dis-. Etymology templates: {{inh|nrf|fro|des-}} Old French des-, {{inh|nrf|la|dis-}} Latin dis- Head templates: {{head|nrf|prefix}} des-
  1. dis- Tags: morpheme

Prefix [Occitan]

Etymology: From Old Occitan des-, from Latin dis-. Etymology templates: {{inh|oc|pro|des-}} Old Occitan des-, {{inh|oc|la|dis-}} Latin dis- Head templates: {{head|oc|prefix}} des-
  1. de-; dis- Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-des--oc-prefix-~v2CCqig Categories (other): Occitan entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 18 entries, Pages with entries

Prefix [Old French]

Etymology: From a conflation of Latin dis- (“apart”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dwís) and Late Latin dē ex = dē- (“from”) + ex- (“out”). Etymology templates: {{etymon|fro|:inh|la:dis-&lt;id:apart&gt;|id=dis-}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*dis-", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "dis-", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old French", "term" : "des-", "lang" : "fro" }" data-id="dis-" data-lang="fro" data-title="des-" id="Old_French:_dis-">, {{inh|fro|la|dis-|t=apart}} Latin dis- (“apart”), {{inh|fro|ine-pro|*dwís}} Proto-Indo-European *dwís, {{inh|fro|la-lat|dē ex}} Late Latin dē ex Head templates: {{head|fro|prefix}} des-
  1. de-; dis- Tags: morpheme

Prefix [Portuguese]

IPA: /des/ [Brazil] (note: before a voiceless consonant), /d͡ʒis/ [Brazil], /dez/ [Brazil] (note: before a vowel or voiced consonant), /d͡ʒiz/ [Brazil], /dɨʃ/ [Portugal] (note: before a voiceless consonant), /dɨʒ/ [Portugal] (note: before a voiced consonant), /dɨz/ [Portugal, before-vowel], /d͡z/ [Portugal]
Etymology: Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese des-, from Latin dis-. Etymology templates: {{ety|pt|:inh|roa-opt:des-&lt;ety:inh&lt;la:dis-&lt;id:apart&gt;&gt;&gt;|text=:la}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*dis-", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "dis-", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Galician-Portuguese", "term" : "des-", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "roa-opt" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Portuguese", "term" : "des-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pt" }" data-lang="pt" data-title="des-"> Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese des-, from Latin dis-. Head templates: {{head|pt|prefix}} des-
  1. un-; de-; dis- (forms verbs indicating the reversal of the prefixed verb) Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-des--pt-prefix-9Itjgvqc Categories (other): Pages using catfix, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 18 entries, Pages with etymon, Portuguese entries with etymology texts, Portuguese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 9 0 8 12 7 11 8 12 10 12 10 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 14 22 21 24 20 Disambiguation of Pages with 18 entries: 9 0 9 12 7 11 9 12 10 12 10 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 14 22 21 24 20 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with etymology texts: 32 37 31 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with incorrect language header: 30 37 33
  2. un- (forms nouns indicating the lack or opposite of the prefixed noun) Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-des--pt-prefix-oQ1Z~lk4 Categories (other): Pages using catfix, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 18 entries, Pages with etymon, Portuguese entries with etymology texts, Portuguese entries with etymon, Portuguese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 9 0 8 12 7 11 8 12 10 12 10 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 14 22 21 24 20 Disambiguation of Pages with 18 entries: 9 0 9 12 7 11 9 12 10 12 10 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 14 22 21 24 20 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with etymology texts: 32 37 31 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with etymon: 28 47 25 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with incorrect language header: 30 37 33
  3. misspelling of dis- Tags: alt-of, misspelling, morpheme Alternative form of: dis-
    Sense id: en-des--pt-prefix-3gqKC2X~ Categories (other): Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with etymon, Portuguese entries with etymology texts, Portuguese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 14 22 21 24 20 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 14 22 21 24 20 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with etymology texts: 32 37 31 Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with incorrect language header: 30 37 33

Prefix [Romanian]

IPA: /des/ Forms: dez- [alternative]
Etymology: Inherited from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Etymology templates: {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ro|la|dis-|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Latin dis-, {{inh+|ro|la|dis-}} Inherited from Latin dis-, {{inh|ro|ine-pro|*dwís}} Proto-Indo-European *dwís Head templates: {{head|ro|prefix}} des-
  1. dis-, de- Tags: morpheme

Prefix [Spanish]

Etymology: Inherited from Old Spanish des-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Doublet of dis-, which was borrowed. Etymology templates: {{etymon|es|:inh|osp:des-&lt;ety:inh&lt;la:dis-&gt;&gt;}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*dis-", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "dis-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Spanish", "term" : "des-", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "osp" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Spanish", "term" : "des-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "es" }" data-lang="es" data-title="des-">, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|es|osp|des-|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Spanish des-, {{inh+|es|osp|des-}} Inherited from Old Spanish des-, {{inh|es|la|dis-}} Latin dis-, {{inh|es|ine-pro|*dwís}} Proto-Indo-European *dwís, {{doublet|es|dis-}} Doublet of dis- Head templates: {{head|es|prefix}} des-
  1. dis-; indicative of a negative Tags: morpheme

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:dis-<alt:des->",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *d(w)is-\nProto-Italic *dis-\nLatin dis-\nOld French des-bor.\n▲\nLatin dis-bor.\nMiddle English des-\nEnglish des-\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"apart\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*d(w)is-\", \"gloss\" : \"in two, apart\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"two\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwóh₁\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dwís\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dis-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dis-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"des-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*dis-<ety:inh<ine-pro:*dwís<alt:*d(w)is-><t:in two, apart>>>\", \"id\" : \"apart\", \"tree\" : \"+\", \"title\" : \"dis-\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dis-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"dis-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"des-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"des-\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "des-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English des-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "des-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French des-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "dis-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin dis-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *d(w)is-\nProto-Italic *dis-\nLatin dis-\nOld French des-bor.\n▲\nLatin dis-bor.\nMiddle English des-\nEnglish des-\nFrom Middle English des-, dis-, from Old French des-, from Latin dis-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "en-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "reversal of sense of succeeding word",
          "word": "dis-"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 22 21 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 22 21 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Obsolete form of dis- (“reversal of sense of succeeding word”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-des--en-prefix-zFQ28Hg2",
      "links": [
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-#English"
        ],
        [
          "reversal",
          "reversal"
        ],
        [
          "sense",
          "sense"
        ],
        [
          "succeeding",
          "succeeding"
        ],
        [
          "word",
          "word"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "morpheme",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Organic chemistry",
          "orig": "en:Organic chemistry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 0 8 12 7 11 8 12 10 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 22 21 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 0 9 12 7 11 9 12 10 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 22 21 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A removal of a group from a molecule."
      ],
      "id": "en-des--en-prefix-1TIlTJWn",
      "links": [
        [
          "organic chemistry",
          "organic chemistry"
        ],
        [
          "removal",
          "removal"
        ],
        [
          "molecule",
          "molecule"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(organic chemistry) A removal of a group from a molecule."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "organic-chemistry",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ast",
        "2": "roa-ole",
        "3": "des-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Leonese des-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ast",
        "2": "roa-ole",
        "3": "des-"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Leonese des-",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ast",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "dis-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin dis-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ast",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dwís"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwís",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Leonese des-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "es-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "s-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "reduced"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ast",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Asturian",
  "lang_code": "ast",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Asturian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "des- + axuntar (“to put together, assemble”) → desaxuntar (“to disassemble, take apart”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "des- + calecer (“to warm up”) → descalecer (“to cool down”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "des- + pesllar (“to lock”) → despesllar (“to unlock”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "des- + amurniar (“to sadden”) → desamurniar (“to cheer up”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dis-; indicative of a negative"
      ],
      "id": "en-des--ast-prefix-VDEY9aQu",
      "links": [
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "es-"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of es-"
      ],
      "id": "en-des--ast-prefix-lTyCo4jk",
      "links": [
        [
          "es-",
          "es-#Asturian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(chiefly dialectal) alternative form of es-"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "dialectal",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": "es",
        "3": "des-"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish des-",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "dis-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin dis-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dwís"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwís",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Spanish des-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "eu",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Basque",
  "lang_code": "eu",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Basque entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "des- + agertu (“to appear”) → desagertu (“to disappear”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dis-; expresses separation, reversal, or negation."
      ],
      "id": "en-des--eu-prefix-YEKP9pDd",
      "links": [
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ],
        [
          "R. L. Trask",
          "w:R. L. Trask"
        ],
        [
          "Max W. Wheeler",
          "w:Max W. Wheeler"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "dis-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin dis-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "dis-"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin dis-",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dwís"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwís",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "dis-"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of dis-",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Doublet of dis-, which was borrowed.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ca",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Catalan",
  "lang_code": "ca",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "des- + fer (“to do”) → desfer (“to undo”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates the negation of a verb; dis-, un-"
      ],
      "id": "en-des--ca-prefix-VsJnjUJ6",
      "links": [
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ],
        [
          "un-",
          "un-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Czech",
  "lang_code": "cs",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "dez-"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of dez-"
      ],
      "id": "en-des--cs-prefix-KjxzTz3f",
      "links": [
        [
          "dez-",
          "dez-#Czech"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[dɛs ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "dés-"
      },
      "expansion": "French dés-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "dis-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin dis-",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From French dés-, from Latin dis-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "da-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Danish",
  "lang_code": "da",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dis-, de-"
      ],
      "id": "en-des--da-prefix-b3BpmWJz",
      "links": [
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ],
        [
          "de-",
          "de-"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "de-"
        },
        {
          "word": "dis-"
        },
        {
          "word": "dys-"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "fra-"
        },
        {
          "word": "af-"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 0 11 13 8 8 11 13 8 9 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "des-"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-des--nl-prefix-kjJgcbGY",
      "links": [
        [
          "des-",
          "des-#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 0 8 12 7 11 8 12 10 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 0 9 12 7 11 9 12 10 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 0 11 13 8 8 11 13 8 9 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dis-"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-des--nl-prefix-j73ktL5S",
      "links": [
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dɛs/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 0 11 13 8 8 11 13 8 9 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "des-"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-des--de-prefix-kjJgcbGY",
      "links": [
        [
          "des-",
          "#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 0 8 12 7 11 8 12 10 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 0 9 12 7 11 9 12 10 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 0 11 13 8 8 11 13 8 9 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dis-"
      ],
      "head_nr": 1,
      "id": "en-des--de-prefix-j73ktL5S",
      "links": [
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "io",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "dis-",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "English dis-",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "io",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "dés-",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "French dés-",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "io",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "dis-",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Italian dis-",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "io",
        "2": "es",
        "3": "des-",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish des-",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dis-",
        "2": "dés-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "dis-",
        "5": "",
        "6": "des-"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from English dis-, French dés-, Italian dis-, Spanish des-.",
      "name": "io-bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "251",
        "p": "3",
        "vol": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "Decision no. 251, Progreso IV.",
      "name": "progreso"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from English dis-, French dés-, Italian dis-, Spanish des-. Compare dis-, from the same origin. Decision no. 251, Progreso IV.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "io",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ido",
  "lang_code": "io",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ido entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ido terms approved in Progreso IV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "des- + honoro (“honor”) → deshonoro (“dishonor”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Expresses the opposite of the root word."
      ],
      "id": "en-des--io-prefix-tkhpWFyp",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dɛs/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lb",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Luxembourgish",
  "lang_code": "lb",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Luxembourgish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "de-; dis-"
      ],
      "id": "en-des--lb-prefix-~v2CCqig",
      "links": [
        [
          "de-",
          "de-"
        ],
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/des/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[dəs]"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/dæs/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "prefix",
        "altform": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "dis-"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of dis-"
      ],
      "id": "en-des--enm-prefix-1n8D2GlO",
      "links": [
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "word": "dé-"
    },
    {
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "word": "dés-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "fro:des-<id:dis->",
        "id": "dis-"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dis-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dis-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"des-\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"des-\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" }\" data-id=\"dis-\" data-lang=\"frm\" data-title=\"des-\" id=\"Middle_French:_dis-\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "des-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French des-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French des-.",
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "frm",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
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    }
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  "lang": "Middle French",
  "lang_code": "frm",
  "pos": "prefix",
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        },
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "de-; dis-"
      ],
      "id": "en-des--frm-prefix-~v2CCqig",
      "links": [
        [
          "de-",
          "de-"
        ],
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "3": "des-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French des-",
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    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "dis-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin dis-",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French des-, from Latin dis-.",
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      "args": {
        "1": "nrf",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
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  "lang": "Norman",
  "lang_code": "nrm",
  "pos": "prefix",
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      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
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          "source": "w"
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dis-"
      ],
      "id": "en-des--nrm-prefix-j73ktL5S",
      "links": [
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "pro",
        "3": "des-"
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      "expansion": "Old Occitan des-",
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    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "la",
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  "etymology_text": "From Old Occitan des-, from Latin dis-.",
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      "args": {
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        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "de-; dis-"
      ],
      "id": "en-des--oc-prefix-~v2CCqig",
      "links": [
        [
          "de-",
          "de-"
        ],
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "word": "dé-"
    },
    {
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "word": "dés-"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norman",
      "lang_code": "nrm",
      "word": "dê-"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Norman",
      "lang_code": "nrm",
      "word": "d's-"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "des-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "la:dis-<id:apart>",
        "id": "dis-"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dis-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dis-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"des-\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }\" data-id=\"dis-\" data-lang=\"fro\" data-title=\"des-\" id=\"Old_French:_dis-\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "dis-",
        "t": "apart"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin dis- (“apart”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dwís"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwís",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "la-lat",
        "3": "dē ex"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin dē ex",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From a conflation of Latin dis- (“apart”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dwís) and Late Latin dē ex = dē- (“from”) + ex- (“out”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "de-; dis-"
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      "id": "en-des--fro-prefix-~v2CCqig",
      "links": [
        [
          "de-",
          "de-"
        ],
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "roa-opt:des-<ety:inh<la:dis-<id:apart>>>",
        "text": ":la"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dis-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dis-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Galician-Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"des-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"roa-opt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"des-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"des-\">\nInherited from Old Galician-Portuguese des-, from Latin dis-.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese des-, from Latin dis-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "des-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 0 8 12 7 11 8 12 10 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 22 21 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 0 9 12 7 11 9 12 10 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 22 21 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 37 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 37 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "des- + ligar (“to turn on”) → desligar (“to turn off”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
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      ],
      "id": "en-des--pt-prefix-9Itjgvqc",
      "links": [
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          "un-",
          "un-"
        ],
        [
          "de-",
          "de-"
        ],
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
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    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "9 0 8 12 7 11 8 12 10 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 22 21 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 0 9 12 7 11 9 12 10 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 22 21 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 37 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 47 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 37 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "des- + amor (“love”) → desamor (“disdain”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "un- (forms nouns indicating the lack or opposite of the prefixed noun)"
      ],
      "id": "en-des--pt-prefix-oQ1Z~lk4",
      "links": [
        [
          "un-",
          "un-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
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        {
          "word": "dis-"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 22 21 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 22 21 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 37 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 37 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "misspelling of dis-"
      ],
      "id": "en-des--pt-prefix-3gqKC2X~",
      "links": [
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "misspelling",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/des/",
      "note": "before a voiceless consonant",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/d͡ʒis/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/dez/",
      "note": "before a vowel or voiced consonant",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/d͡ʒiz/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/dɨʃ/",
      "note": "before a voiceless consonant",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/dɨʒ/",
      "note": "before a voiced consonant",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/dɨz/",
      "tags": [
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        "before-vowel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/d͡z/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
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        "2": "i",
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        "2": "la",
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        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
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        "2": "la",
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      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin dis-",
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    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dwís"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwís",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dez-",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "prefix"
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      "expansion": "des-",
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  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
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      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
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        },
        {
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          "name": "Pages with 18 entries",
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "des- + face (“to do”) → desface (“to undo”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dis-, de-"
      ],
      "id": "en-des--ro-prefix-b3BpmWJz",
      "links": [
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ],
        [
          "de-",
          "de-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
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      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/des/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "osp:des-<ety:inh<la:dis->>"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*dis-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"dis-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Spanish\", \"term\" : \"des-\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"osp\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"des-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"des-\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
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    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "osp",
        "3": "des-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Spanish des-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "osp",
        "3": "des-"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Spanish des-",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "dis-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin dis-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dwís"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwís",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "dis-"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of dis-",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
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  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *dwóh₁\nProto-Indo-European *d(w)is-\nProto-Italic *dis-\nLatin dis-\nOld French des-bor.\n▲\nLatin dis-bor.\nMiddle English des-\nEnglish des-\nFrom Middle English des-, dis-, from Old French des-, from Latin dis-.",
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          "dis-#English"
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}

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    "German prefixes",
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      "expansion": "Borrowed from English dis-, French dés-, Italian dis-, Spanish des-.",
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      "args": {
        "1": "251",
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        "vol": "4"
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      "expansion": "Decision no. 251, Progreso IV.",
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  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from English dis-, French dés-, Italian dis-, Spanish des-. Compare dis-, from the same origin. Decision no. 251, Progreso IV.",
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        "Ido terms borrowed from French",
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        "Spanish terms inherited from Latin",
        "Spanish terms inherited from Old Spanish",
        "Spanish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Spanish terms inherited from Proto-Italic"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "des- + colgar (“to hang up (a phone)”) → descolgar (“to pick up (a phone)”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dis-; indicative of a negative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dis-",
          "dis-"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "des-"
}

Download raw JSONL data for des- meaning in All languages combined (28.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
  "msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, des-/Dutch",
  "path": [
    "des-"
  ],
  "section": "Dutch",
  "subsection": "prefix",
  "title": "des-",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
  "msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, des-/German",
  "path": [
    "des-"
  ],
  "section": "German",
  "subsection": "prefix",
  "title": "des-",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-02 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.